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A Glimpse on Kidney Stones

Almost all of us are familiar with the term kidney stones. The term is very popular and it indicates that the incidence of kidney stones in the community is so high. Several studies report that every year up to half a million people come to the emergency room because of kidney stones. In the United States, it is estimated that one in ten people will have a kidney stone at some point in their life and kidney stones are more common in males. In India, about 12% of people with kidney stones in total population are susceptible to urinary tract stones. Of this 12%, 50% of the population are severely affected by kidney injury, which can even lead to kidney loss. On average, the chances of any of us having at least one kidney stone in our lifetime is about 10%. In developing countries, including Indonesia, the occurrence of stones is increasingly frequent. It is apparent that the incidence of kidney stones is very common.

Mengenal Sekelumit Batu Ginjal

Hampir semua dari kita mengenal istilah batu ginjal. Istilah tersebut sangat populer dan itu menandakan bahwa kejadian batu ginjal di tengah masyarakat demikian tingginya. Ada studi yang melaporkan bahwa setiap tahun didapatkan hingga lebih dari setengah juta orang pergi ke ruang gawat darurat karena masalah batu ginjal. Di Amerika, diperkirakan satu dari sepuluh orang akan memiliki batu ginjal pada suatu saat dalam kehidupan mereka dan batu ginjal lebih sering ditemukan pada pria. Sedangkan di India, ditemukan sekitar 12 persen orang dengan batu ginjal pada total populasi yang rentan terhadap batu saluran kemih. Dari 12 persen ini, 50 persen populasi sangat terpengaruh oleh kerusakan ginjal, yang bahkan sampai menyebabkan hilangnya ginjal. Rata-rata, kemungkinan di antara kita setidaknya memiliki satu batu ginjal dalam kehidupan kita adalah sekitar 10 persen. Di negara berkembang termasuk Indonesia, kejadian batu semakin sering. Dari gambaran tersebut, maka jelas nampak bahwa kejadian batu ginjal sangat umum.

VoC Delta Invasion to Kudus and Bangkalan

 The Covid-19 variant from India invaded by riding on our recklessness. As a result, Indonesia's Covid-19 positive patients suddenly jumped dramatically, starting from Kudus. According to reports, the reason for the incident was that locals observed the bakdo kupat or Lebaran ketupat ritual seven days after Eid al-Fitr without much fervor. They congregated, swarmed, and visited one another. The Covid-19 delta variation propagated among the locals from there. So, the case of transmission exploded in the city center of kretek cigarettes. The number of patients in hospitals increased, and the death toll rose.The results of the whole genome sequencing (WGS) analysis, which were released by Siti Nadia Tarmizi, director of prevention and control of direct infectious diseases at the Ministry of Health, confirmed this rise. She said that 28 of the 34 Kudus specimens that were analyzed tested positive for the delta variation.

What is Contrast-Induced Nephropathy?

Have you ever heard of the term contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN)? This term may be unfamiliar for commoners, but this should not be the case for clinicians or health workers. We, especially clinicians and health workers, should be able to prevent contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN), and so we need to know what CIN is or need to recall how CIN occurs. Contrast-Induced Nephropathy is acute injury to kidney tissue caused by the entry of contrast agents into the body through the blood vessels. In normal kidney function, this damage is rare. However, in conditions of impaired kidney function (due to previous kidney disease), this contrast agent can exacerbate existing kidney damage. Contrast agents administered by intravascular injection, apart from having a toxic and apoptotic effect, may cause acute hemodynamic changes in the kidney which is characterized by an increase in renal vascular resistance and a decrease in the glomerular filtration rate.

Mengenal dan Memahami Contrast-Induced Nephropathy

Apakah saudara pernah mendengar istilah contrast-induced Nephropathy? Istilah ini cukup langka untuk didengar bagi kita orang awam, namun ini seyogyanya tidak demikian untuk kalangan klinisi atau petugas kesehatan. Agar kita, khususnya juga dokter dan petugas kesehatan, lebih mengenal dan bisa mencegah contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN), maka senantiasa kita perlu tahu terlebih dahulu apa itu CIN atau perlu menyadari kembali tentang bagaimana CIN terjadi. Contrast-Induced Nephropathy adalah kerusakan jaringan ginjal yang bersifat akut dan disebabkan oleh masuknya media kontras ke dalam tubuh (pembuluh darah). Normalnya pada fungsi ginjal yang normal, kerusakan ini jarang sekali terjadi, namun dalam kondisi fungsi ginjal yang terganggu (oleh karena penyakit ginjal sebelumnya) justru zat kontras ini bisa menambah kerusakan ginjal yang sudah ada.